Hydraulic salt press



Juiy 30, 1923.

G. KERSHNER HYDRAULIC SALT PRESS Filed Nov. 10 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 10, 1923.

- fiA fii lfiw G. KERSHNER HYDRAULIC SALT PRESS Filed Nov. 10 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 2 7 1-] Eng wag 19 v if I 40 T Jufiy 1Q, 1923.

G. KERSHNER HYDRAULIC SALT PRESS Filed NOV..1O 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Junk 10,1923. 4 I wmm G. KERSHNER HYDRAULIC SALT PRESS Filed Nov. 10, 1919 4 Sheets-Shee'h 4 Patented July 19, 1923.

ldelfidil P A TEN T @fliFflfi E GEORGE =KEBSHNER,-" OF HUTCHINSOIN, KANSAS.

HYDRAULIC SALT PRESS.

Application filed November 10,1919. Serial No. 336,967.

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, GnoRGnKnnsHNnR, a citizen of the United, States, residing at .Hutchinson, in :the county of Reno and "State of .Kansas, (have invented new. and useful Improvements .in .Hydraulic Salt .Presses,; ofwhichthe fol-lowing .is a specification. I y

- .The object ofthe invention is to provide a saltblock press or forming nechanism:designed. for actuation bylhydraulic pressure or by utilizing power applied hydraulically, wherein certain practicaladvantages are attainable,1 both. as to theuconstruction, operationand maintenance cost of theapparatus andeasto theconimercial value andcost of producing the salt .block, and incidentally .it is,a further objectto provide mechanism for. Ithepurpose whereby theflextent of necessary lihandling of the product during and subsequent to itsformation, including its removal from the .press, isminimized .and such manipulation isf facilitated.

l'In orderthatithe fullflimport of the improvementsmay. beappreciated, it is well to note that in the. ordinaryiand we'llIknown methods :of producing. saltlblocks or Flicks for, cattle; and other stock from loose or fine salt, thecommercial value or salability of .the'productiis: often depreciated .by discolorationdue .to water whi'oh drips or leaks into the mold or die during the process, and moreover the discharge of the block is frequently attended bythe-breakage or chipping. thereof owing to. the fact that the dedelivery is effected horizontally or at an an- ,gle,.transversely of the machine, or otherwise IGSllltS. in :droppingthe' block from a point or. discharge, to a rest, shelf, table or like receiving surface; and. moreover, such ldeliveryusually mustlbeeifected by the special movement or'operation, by' hand or otherwiseof some. part. of means ormechanism toiliberate the block,.as, to open, the mold ,ordie, ortodisplace aheadrblocko'r gate or Ttheequivalent thereof.

Alt is therefore the; particular. obj ect. of this invention Qto fso .arrange the cooperative agenciesinthe organization of the apparatus. as to causeallfletrlrage and fdrippin gs from the hydraulic or otheroperating means to flow away from the die or mold and fromthatpart ofthe machine wherethe same is located and to. arrange the block forming. membersinsucha relation as to 1 leave the completed block in a:stable .,position upon asuitable rest or support wholly unobstructed. by any 1 collateral mechanism or devices, and readilyaccessible to theat- .tendant' and, fronrwhich the block may be removed manually without risk of injury.

. It is ,a further object. toprovide-for the opening of the, mold or die to deliver the completed block without manual interventionor the removal.orQdisplacement. of any part or. membercof the. mechanism, and. at the same timeto effect the. positive and forcible ejection, if,necessary,,of the block from the mold without involving. any. risk or modifying the, perfectly symmetrical formation or. contour thereof.

A'Furthermore, "it .is "the purpose to construct the mach ne on. afifloor plan of the minimum dimensions and eliminate all} lat- .eralor transverse movements, while securing that variations in'form,.proportions and. de-

tails may be resorted to. within the scope of the appended claims without. departing. from .the principles involved.

In the drawings Fi'gureil isa front. view, of the apparatus. 2 is, a vertical. sectional view of the same.

'Fig.3 is a plan view,see thejdotted' line 33. of Fig. 1.

4,'5 and6 are transverse sectional views, respectively on the planes indicated by the dotted lines &4, 5-5 and 66 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view,'see dotted line 77 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a detail view, partly broken away of one of the tension rods by which the base is connected with the head.

The mechanism illustrated inv the drawing, which is merely typical of that necessary for carrying out the objects of the invention, embodies, essentially, a die comprising male and female complementary members 10 and 11, one of which, preferably the latter as shown, is movable relative to the other to cause pressure of the former in a path or direction parallel with the axis and hence the side or retaining wall (preferably substantially cylindrical) of the latter.

This movement is also preferably vertical or upward and downward at approximately an angle of ninety degrees to a horizontal plane so as to provide for discharging the molded block or other product by withdrawing the female die member therefrom, a will appear later.

The female die member, in addition to the side or retaining wall element, formed by a heavy block 12 in which is provided a bore or channel 13, open at both its lower and upper ends to permit of free progress of the male or pressure member 10 therethrough, includes a bottom or closure element 14, consisting of a plate adapted to oppose the pressure of the male die member and close the bottom or outlet of the female member during the formation of the block, and also designed to act as a receiving and delivery table or support for the completed block or product, receiving the same from the side or retaining wall element of the female die member and presenting it, unobstructed by any adjacent objects, for removal by the attendant, said block being received and supported in stable position or in a position of stable equilibrium by said die bottom or closure element.

The pressure or forming chamber or zone 15 of the female die member is coned or expanded toward the outlet to facilitate discharge of the product, the corners or angles at the intersections of the side wall planes being truncated byintersecting wall planes, corresponding with the chamfered formation of the slightly enlarged head 16 of the male die member so as to produce a block of trunco-pyramidal form having a polygonal base which is formed upon the surface of the closure element of the female die and remains there undisturbed subsequent to the discharge of the block from the wall or mold element of the die until removed by the attendant.

as it may be termed the mold element of the die which is exposed to contact with the salt during its compression to form the block, consists of a. specially prepared and hardened lining or sleeve 17 fitted, replaceably, in the seat represented by the bore or channel 13 in the body block or casting 12 and it may be shouldered as at 18 to insure its stability and permanence of position. lVhen as illustrated, the female die member is movable relative to the male member and is adapted to progress upwardly during the compression of a charge of salt, the guide and tension bars 19 which are engaged'at their lower ends with a base 20 and which support a head 21 carrying the depending rigid resistance post forming the male or pressure member 10 of the die, serve to direct the said female member of which the body block 12 is provided with grooves or ways 22 engaging the bars. Sectional clamping rings 23 and 24 engage reduced seats 25 and 26 to maintain the relation of the head and base with the tension bars or bolts, and suitable bracing webs 27 and 28 may be employed to add necessary rigidity to the head and base.

The means for operating the movable elements of the die, when, as shown, the female member progresses upwardly on the compression stroke, consist of a main hydraulic ram located centrally beneath the die members with its cylinder 29 resting upon the base and engaged and held in position by the tension bars or bolts 19 (for which purpose it is provided with eyes 30, Fig. 6) and with its piston 31 bearing terminally against the underside of the die closure plate 14. Said plate may have a central depending boss 32 fitted in a seat in the end of the piston and the cylinder is counter-bored and enlarged as at '33 from a plane below the stufling box to the bottom to afford clearance and a path of escape by gravity of any particles of metal, dirt, grit, or hard substances from the packing 34 or gaining access through the gland 35 or otherwise, to guard against scratching or grooving the surface of the piston and thus reducing the efficiency of the hydraulic pressure supplied through the port 36 or other suitable inlet.

Supplementing the action of the main ram in the operation of the movable elements of the die structure, as illustrated, and designed especially to provide for a differential as well as a joint movement of the elements of the female die member, or in other words to provide not only for a corresponding and equal movement thereof in a common direction (as in opposition to and parallel with the path of pressure by the male member) but also for an independentmovement thereof in the same or opposite directions, there are employed auxiliary rams, having cylinders 37 and pistons memes elements) with thewbody bloclra12 forming the wall. or mold element otxthe female :die

member Thus; while :the operation of the main ram pr'ogressiwely: OI'LOIIilllS advance stroke, will. correspondingly advance: the entire composite female member, inclusive of the wall or mold elementand'itheubottoni 'or closure element, the: advance i movement of the auxiliary ramsw-illcorrespondingly move only the wall .or mold element; and inversely areturn or receding movement of the -main rain, which zisaccomplished igravitally, will affect only the closure element of the die,- unless the auxiliarynrams: havepreviously been withdrawn.

This arrangement provides for advancing the; composite femaledie? member (as; by means of the main ram) to cause asufiicient relative. downward; progress of the male member in the mold element;opposedvbynthe i closure element tor'compresscand%properly form the Jolock; and then holding-1. the cblOCk l2zby-"means= oii the auxiliary: rams while permitting the closure element to rece'de-or move downwardly withrtheimain ram and thusv deliver the block: progressively?without jar 'or shookr Orpif 1' preferred; after/the completion o'f'the .compressionastrolre 'dueto' the joint upward movement rot ithewall Janrl closure elements of: the female f-die member; the progress :of the main ram: maybe stopped to holdnthe closure element stationaryywhile the movement of the auxiliary ramsa'isscone tinned?tooprolong;the -progresseof the .wall element of the diepr'elative tocthe closureele ment and :the ima'l'e memberi so that'the latter then constitutes randr serves as ia'nejector to remove the salt. .bloclra-from'the .die -IIIDlCliHJ-I'Cl leave it standin eon-the plate or'isupp ortle; or, by a suitable'relativerontrol of thes'maini and auxiliary rams; a tcombinationzof these movements 1 may i be effected and their 7 88-) quence modified to economizeitiinex in the formation and deliveryoftheiproduct with out necessitating any sto-ppage" of the mechanism, or any-manual intervention in order to open the mold or'delivercthe bloclg. and" without involving any drop. or fall of. the latter in its dischargm. even when forcibly ejectedas-aboveexplained. w

It has been .found expedient in" practice .to. operate the main ram to advance-the-female die member to compressithe charge .=in the downwardly expanded portion 152: of-the mold between thepressureihead 16 and lthe closure 1&,.and-,when-a tappet eye 39 on the block 112; engagesaa stop g-QQ onv the :valve rod 41, a; valve. 42 off" any suitable-rconstruction is -.open"E ed .to admit pressure :to the Lau-Xiliary rams which-then continue the movement of the-;.mold element whileipressure P being; dis-:-

Alliof thethydraulically controlled: and;

lubricated elements :of the mechanism being arran ed below the plane of the block form. ing, 0 arge receiving and compressingelements, represented by thedie members and including both elements of the composite female-die member any overflow or dripping of water and oil or other foreignimatter will moveaway' from and hence cannot discolor or detract fr'omthe appearance and commercial value of the, product.

Moreover, there arerno laterally or transversely movable parts or elements of the mechanism,requiring floor space or opera-ting room beyond the area of the base 20 which isjust sufiicientto properly support the .rams,-the base, operating mechanism including bothmainand auxiliary rams, and the die mechanism, including. the mainbody block 12, being substantially coextensive and all. moving parts thereof operating in vertical paths,.with the strains confined between the base .20 and the head-21 and effectually resisted bytheotensile strength of the. cone necting 'bars 0r.b0lts 19 which alsoserve to hold the intermediate members of the mechanisnn stationaryandmovable, against lateral displacement I..claim:

1; Ar hydraulicpress. for. forming salt blocks having relatively movablev members combining, to bound l a forming space subject to reduction in capacity to compress a containedisubstance, and represented vrespectively byga lateral restraining wall and terminal opp osedelements; one of which elements is adaptedto progress into the space bounded laterally by the wall member, and. means for successively causing said elements toapproacheachother to define a prcdetermined length ot-forming space and then retain said relation during a continued progress of said first named element intovthe space. I

2.: A. compressing die having relatively movable members combining to bound a forming space of which one member is represented bya' lateral restraining wall and the other acts toreduce the capacity of said spaceby pressurein a direction parallel with said wall, and comprises relativelymovable opposed elements having; a common path of movement means for efi'ecting advancing and 'recedingmovcments oi one of said mem berslrelative-to the other, andvmeans for. alternately varying and vmaintaining the rela- T movable male and female members of which the latter is provided with an outlet closure opposed to the pressure of the former and alternately movable relatively to said members in a path corresponding with the direction and during the progress of pressure.

5. A compressing die having relatively movable male and femaleniembers of'which the latter is provided with an outlet closure opposed to the pressure of the former and relatively movable away from the latter in a'path correspondingwith the direction of and during the pressure of the former.

6.A compressing die having relatively movable male and female members of which the latter is provided with an outlet closure opposed to the pressure of the former and alternately movable relative to and independently of each of said members in the direction of pressure of the former.

7. A compressing die having relatively movable male and female members of which the latter is provided with an outlet closure opposed to the pressure of the former and movable toward and from the former and relative to and independently of each of said members in a path corresponding wlth'the dlrection of pressure of the former.

'8. A compressing die having male and fe-' male members relatively arranged to provide for progress of the former through the latter, and the latter being provided with a closure forming a support for the delivered product and alternately movable relative to each of said. members in the path of and during the progress of the former.

9. A compressing die having male and female members relatively arranged to provide for progress of the former through the latter, and the latter being provided with a closure movable-to open the same in the path and during the progress of the former.

10. A compressing die having male and female members, one of which is movable to cause progress of the former relative to the latter, and the female member comprisingsidewall and closure elements, one of which is movable relative to and independently of the other in the direction of progf ress of the male member to cause the ejec-' tion of the product from the female memher by the continued vprogress of the male member therethrough. v

11. A compressing mechanism having male and female die membersof which the latter is upwardly movable to cause progress of the former therethrough, the female die membencomprising a wall element and a closure element for one end of the wall. element, and independently controlled means for imparting movement to said elements.

12. A- compressing mechanism having male and female die members of'which the latter is upwardly movable to cause progress of the former therethrough, the female die member comprising a wall element and a closure element for one end of the wall ele ment, and-means for actuatingrthe wall ele ment independently ofsaid closure element. 13. A compressing mechanism having male and-female die members of which the latter is upwardly movable to cause progress of the former therethrough, the female die member com-prising'a'wall element and a closure element for one end of the wall'element, and means for actuating the" female die member to cause independent relative movement ofthe said wall and closure elements thereof.

14.. A compressing mechanism having male and female die members of;which the latter is upwardly movable to cause prog ressof the former therethrough, the female die member comprising a wall element and a closure element for one end of the wall element, and means for advancing the wall element beyond thelimit of movement of the closure element.

15. A compressing mechanism having male and female'die members of which the latter is upwardly-movable to cause progress of the former therethrough, the female die member comprising a wall element and a closure elementfor one end of the wall element, and actuating devices for the female member, having means for effecting joint and independent movements of said elements thereof. A

16. A compressing mechanism having male and female die members of which the latter is upwardly movable to cause progress of the former therethrou'gh, the female die member comprising a wall element and a closure element for one end of the wall element, and cooperative and independently operative means for advancing said wall and olosure'elements. i

17. A compressing mechanism having male and female die members of which the latter is upwardly'm'ovable tocause progress of the former the'rethrough' the female die membercomprisinga wall element and a closure element for the lower end of the wall element, and actuating means'for'ad vancin'g the female d1eme'mber adapted to release the closureelement atan intermediate point in the progress of the wall element.

18. A salt block press having a base and a head connected by tension bars or bolts 5 a die having a male pressure member pendently carried by said head and a female member comprising a chambered block movably guided by said tension bars or bolts and a closure member movable in the path of said block to close the lower end of the 10 chamber therein, and main and auxiliary rams seated upon the base, below the plane of the female die member and held in place by said tension bars or bolts.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto 1 aflixed my signature.

GEORGE KERSHNER. 

